The European Parliament is becoming more feminine - slowly | Europe | '
"When I open the paper at breakfast in the morning, I see a Europe of old white men in dark suits signing contracts in backrooms," said Green MEP Terry Reintke in 2014. That was not her Europe, she added.
More and more politicians are now campaigning for a gender-equitable distribution of political offices and mandates in the European Union. Just recently, French President Emmanuel Macron urged that the four top jobs in Europe, that is, the offices of the EU Commission President, the President of the Council, the Ombudsman and the head of the European Central Bank (ECB), be filled by two women and two men.
Proportion of women increases from 36 to 40 percent
Only slowly does the European Parliament in its composition approach the gender distribution in the population. Compared to 2014, the proportion of women has increased further – to 40 percent. 446 men and 302 women take their seats at the constituent meeting on Tuesday.
There are actually 751 MEPs, but the three seats of MEPs Oriol Junqueras, Antoni Comín and Carles Puigdemont, elected in Spain, will remain vacant for the time being. The Spanish authorities block the mandates of the Catalan separatists.
The Greens even shoot beyond the goal
A look at the individual political groups in the European Parliament shows that the proportion of women is unevenly distributed. The top position takes the group with 39 women and 37 men Green / European Free Alliance (EFA) on. It is composed of the Greens and the Free European Alliance, which brings together independent MPs, pirates and representatives of stateless nations and disadvantaged minorities. The group had 51 members in the last parliament, after the electoral successes of the Greens in the European elections, there are now 76 members from a total of 16 EU countries.
In all other groups, less than half of the parliamentarians are female. With 48 percent women's share stands Renew Europe in second place in this ranking. The group was founded in 2019 fresh and succeeds the Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe (ALDE) on. In the new parliament it will be politically the third strongest force with 109 deputies. At 45 percent women share it GUE / NGL, the Confederal Group of the United European Left / Nordic Green Left, It has only 40 members, making it the smallest group in the European Parliament.
The second strongest political force among the new MEPs is the Group of European Social Democrats S & D, Of the 152 MPs, 43% are women. The average women's quota of the European Parliament, ie 40 percent, brings it to the newly founded this year ID, a coalition of nine right-wing populist, nationalist and far-right parties, including the Italian Lega, the French Rassemblement National and the German AfD. goal of ID It was actually to become the largest political group in the new European Parliament. But neither the members of the Polish PiS nor the Hungarian Fidesz could be recruited.
The largest faction is male
The Hungarians remained despite large clashes in the EPP, The European People's Party remains with its 182 deputies the largest faction in parliament. They come from Christian-democratic and bourgeois-conservative to national-conservative right-wing populist member parties in the European Union. 120 men are facing 62 women, the female quota is thus 34 percent.
A special role is played by the EFDD on. In the statistics of the European Parliament, to which this data analysis refers, is the fraction Europe of freedom and direct democracy with 43 members and a women's quota of 37 percent still listed. After the AfD but in the faction ID wants to change and the Italian five-star movement is also leaving the EFDD announced, the formal conditions for a faction formation would no longer exist. The British Brexit supporter Nigel Farage, however, has announced that he wants to continue the faction with other members.
Few women find themselves in the EKR, the fraction of the European Conservatives and Reformists, It counts 62 members in the new parliament, of which just under a third are women. The national-conservative and EU-critical faction has existed since 2009. Most members are members of the Polish Justice and Justice Party (PiS).
Sweden sends most women by percentage
Overall, the member states send more men than women to the new EU Parliament. In detail, however, shows that there are quite differences between the individual countries.
Sweden and Finland are in the lead in the ranking. The balance between women and men is matched by France (74 MEPs), Austria (18 MEPs), Slovenia and Latvia (8 MEPs each), and Malta and Luxembourg (6 MEPs each). With 96 MPs, Germany has the largest national share in the European Parliament. With only 36 percent of parliamentarians, it only ranks 18th in the women's quota ranking.
Fewer than 30 per cent of women are from Bulgaria (17 MPs), Lithuania (11 MPs), Greece (21 MPs), Romania (32 MPs) and Slovakia (13 MPs). Dropped in last place is Cyprus. The six deputies are all men.
The new parliament is younger
A look at the age of the 748 parliamentarians arithmetically gives an average of 51 years. In the parliament elected in 2014, the average age was 56 years.
Broken down to the parties shows that among the Greens, the Liberals, the Left and the non-party the majority of parliamentarians is younger than the average age. In the right-wing and conservative groups, but also among the Social Democrats, the majority are older than young parliamentarians. The youngest MEP is 21 years old and belongs to the group Greens / EFA on. The oldest is 83 and member of the EPP,
What happens after Brexit?
If Britain leaves the EU, the composition of the European Parliament will change significantly. There were 34 female and 39 male MEPs leaving. Their seats, however, would not be evenly distributed among the remaining 27 states. Instead, the number of MPs is expected to fall from 751 to 705. Forty-six of the seventy-three British seats are put in reserve for possible EU enlargement. The remaining 27 seats will be distributed to slightly under-represented EU countries. Germany is not one of them.
France, Italy, Spain and the Netherlands will receive between three and five additional seats. Ten more countries would also be increased. This would in any case change the political composition of Parliament. The extent to which the proportion of women is affected is currently not foreseeable.
Collaboration: Juuso Järviniemi
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